# Example 938 — The same choice went from fifteen to eighty five when the default flipped `the_same_choice_went_from_fifteen_to_eighty_five_when_the_default_flipped.eml` - Two countries offer the same pension plan with the same terms; in one you tick a box to join, in the other you tick a box to leave. Enrolment is fifteen percent in the first and eighty-five in the second. Both figures are real. What the box that is already ticked decides is computed below. ## EML ```eml # Self-authored for the EML case corpus (no external origin). Two countries # offer the same pension plan with the same terms; in one you tick a box to # join, in the other you tick a box to leave. Enrolment is fifteen percent in # the first and eighty-five in the second. Both figures are real. What the # box that is already ticked decides is computed below. # # The comparison is careful. The plan is identical; both populations are free # to choose either way; the enrolment counts are real; and the intent is # exactly 'do people want this plan'. # # Most people leave the box the way they found it, so the choice recorded is # mostly the default's choice - the same people with the same preferences # enrol at fifteen or eighty-five depending on which box was pre-ticked. 10000 => people_in_each_country 1500 => enrolled_where_joining_is_the_action 8500 => enrolled_where_leaving_is_the_action int(enrolled_where_joining_is_the_action * 10000 / people_in_each_country) => enrolment_opt_in_per_myriad int(enrolled_where_leaving_is_the_action * 10000 / people_in_each_country) => enrolment_opt_out_per_myriad enrolment_opt_out_per_myriad - enrolment_opt_in_per_myriad => share_decided_by_the_default_per_myriad 10000 - enrolment_opt_out_per_myriad => actively_left_per_myriad enrolment_opt_in_per_myriad => actively_joined_per_myriad 10000 - actively_left_per_myriad - actively_joined_per_myriad => people_who_kept_whatever_they_were_given_per_myriad "plan : identical terms in both countries" ^0 "enrolment where joining is the action : " + str(enrolment_opt_in_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand" ^0 "enrolment where leaving is the action : " + str(enrolment_opt_out_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand" ^0 "" ^0 "actively joined (opt-in country) : " + str(actively_joined_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand" ^0 "actively left (opt-out country) : " + str(actively_left_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand" ^0 "kept whatever they were given : " + str(people_who_kept_whatever_they_were_given_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand" ^0 "share decided by the default : " + str(share_decided_by_the_default_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand" ^0 "" ^0 # ---- what the comparison verified ---- "the two-country comparison" ^0 " plan : identical" ^0 " freedom : both populations can choose either way" ^0 " counts : real" ^0 " intent : do people want this plan" ^0 " terms that differ : 0" ^0 " verdict : FIFTEEN PERCENT WANT IT THERE, EIGHTY-FIVE HERE" ^0 "" ^0 " holding the plan and the freedom to choose identical is" ^0 " the part done right here, and it is why the gap cannot" ^0 " be the plan" ^0 "" ^0 # ---- what the pre-ticked box decides ---- "the default" ^0 " what most people do with a form : leave it as found" ^0 " where joining takes an action : " + str(actively_joined_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand act" ^0 " where leaving takes an action : " + str(actively_left_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand act" ^0 " the " + str(people_who_kept_whatever_they_were_given_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand in between : enrolled or not by" ^0 " whoever designed the form" ^0 " so the recorded choice : is " + str(share_decided_by_the_default_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand the form's" ^0 "" ^0 # ---- what the policymakers got ---- "the reading" ^0 " read as demand : " + str(enrolment_opt_in_per_myriad) + " or " + str(enrolment_opt_out_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand" ^0 " actual expressed preference either way : about " + str(actively_joined_per_myriad) + " to " + str(actively_left_per_myriad) ^0 " is either count wrong : no" ^0 " is enrolment a measure of wanting : no; it is a measure" ^0 " of wanting plus not touching the form" ^0 "" ^0 # ---- null control ---- # The same plan with an active choice required (no pre-ticked box), so every # recorded enrolment is an expressed preference. 7000 => nc_gap_between_the_two_default_designs_per_myriad 0 => nc_gap_when_an_active_choice_is_required_per_myriad 1 => nc_enrolment_now_measures_preference "null control - require an active choice" ^0 " gap between opt-in and opt-out designs : " + str(nc_gap_between_the_two_default_designs_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand" ^0 " gap when an active choice is required : " + str(nc_gap_when_an_active_choice_is_required_per_myriad) ^0 " enrolment now measures preference : " + str(nc_enrolment_now_measures_preference) ^0 " no plan and no person changed; the form stopped voting" ^0 " on behalf of the people who did not touch it" ^0 "" ^0 # ---- the rule ---- "what an enrolment count under a default guarantees" ^0 " that many people are enrolled : exactly, real counts" ^0 " that many people chose to be : not addressed; the same" ^0 " plan enrols " + str(enrolment_opt_in_per_myriad) + " or " + str(enrolment_opt_out_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand by the pre-ticked box" ^0 " alone, so " + str(share_decided_by_the_default_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand of the figure is the form's choice" ^0 "" ^0 "a default is a choice made for everyone who makes none, and most make none;" ^0 "the count that looks like the public's wish is the designer's wish plus the" ^0 "few who overrode it, and the two designs measure the same public as opposite" ^0 "answers" ^0 "" ^0 "Same plan, same freedom, real counts - " + str(enrolment_opt_in_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand enrolled in one" ^0 "country and " + str(enrolment_opt_out_per_myriad) + " in the other. But only about " + str(actively_joined_per_myriad) + " to " + str(actively_left_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand" ^0 "acted either way; the rest kept the box as they found it, so " + str(share_decided_by_the_default_per_myriad) + " per ten" ^0 "thousand of the difference is the form's decision, until an active choice is required." ^0 ``` ## Python (deterministic transpilation) ```python people_in_each_country = 10000 enrolled_where_joining_is_the_action = 1500 enrolled_where_leaving_is_the_action = 8500 enrolment_opt_in_per_myriad = int(enrolled_where_joining_is_the_action * 10000 / people_in_each_country) enrolment_opt_out_per_myriad = int(enrolled_where_leaving_is_the_action * 10000 / people_in_each_country) share_decided_by_the_default_per_myriad = enrolment_opt_out_per_myriad - enrolment_opt_in_per_myriad actively_left_per_myriad = 10000 - enrolment_opt_out_per_myriad actively_joined_per_myriad = enrolment_opt_in_per_myriad people_who_kept_whatever_they_were_given_per_myriad = 10000 - actively_left_per_myriad - actively_joined_per_myriad print("plan : identical terms in both countries") print("enrolment where joining is the action : " + str(enrolment_opt_in_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand") print("enrolment where leaving is the action : " + str(enrolment_opt_out_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand") print("") print("actively joined (opt-in country) : " + str(actively_joined_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand") print("actively left (opt-out country) : " + str(actively_left_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand") print("kept whatever they were given : " + str(people_who_kept_whatever_they_were_given_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand") print("share decided by the default : " + str(share_decided_by_the_default_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand") print("") print("the two-country comparison") print(" plan : identical") print(" freedom : both populations can choose either way") print(" counts : real") print(" intent : do people want this plan") print(" terms that differ : 0") print(" verdict : FIFTEEN PERCENT WANT IT THERE, EIGHTY-FIVE HERE") print("") print(" holding the plan and the freedom to choose identical is") print(" the part done right here, and it is why the gap cannot") print(" be the plan") print("") print("the default") print(" what most people do with a form : leave it as found") print(" where joining takes an action : " + str(actively_joined_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand act") print(" where leaving takes an action : " + str(actively_left_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand act") print(" the " + str(people_who_kept_whatever_they_were_given_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand in between : enrolled or not by") print(" whoever designed the form") print(" so the recorded choice : is " + str(share_decided_by_the_default_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand the form's") print("") print("the reading") print(" read as demand : " + str(enrolment_opt_in_per_myriad) + " or " + str(enrolment_opt_out_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand") print(" actual expressed preference either way : about " + str(actively_joined_per_myriad) + " to " + str(actively_left_per_myriad)) print(" is either count wrong : no") print(" is enrolment a measure of wanting : no; it is a measure") print(" of wanting plus not touching the form") print("") nc_gap_between_the_two_default_designs_per_myriad = 7000 nc_gap_when_an_active_choice_is_required_per_myriad = 0 nc_enrolment_now_measures_preference = 1 print("null control - require an active choice") print(" gap between opt-in and opt-out designs : " + str(nc_gap_between_the_two_default_designs_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand") print(" gap when an active choice is required : " + str(nc_gap_when_an_active_choice_is_required_per_myriad)) print(" enrolment now measures preference : " + str(nc_enrolment_now_measures_preference)) print(" no plan and no person changed; the form stopped voting") print(" on behalf of the people who did not touch it") print("") print("what an enrolment count under a default guarantees") print(" that many people are enrolled : exactly, real counts") print(" that many people chose to be : not addressed; the same") print(" plan enrols " + str(enrolment_opt_in_per_myriad) + " or " + str(enrolment_opt_out_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand by the pre-ticked box") print(" alone, so " + str(share_decided_by_the_default_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand of the figure is the form's choice") print("") print("a default is a choice made for everyone who makes none, and most make none;") print("the count that looks like the public's wish is the designer's wish plus the") print("few who overrode it, and the two designs measure the same public as opposite") print("answers") print("") print("Same plan, same freedom, real counts - " + str(enrolment_opt_in_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand enrolled in one") print("country and " + str(enrolment_opt_out_per_myriad) + " in the other. But only about " + str(actively_joined_per_myriad) + " to " + str(actively_left_per_myriad) + " per ten thousand") print("acted either way; the rest kept the box as they found it, so " + str(share_decided_by_the_default_per_myriad) + " per ten") print("thousand of the difference is the form's decision, until an active choice is required.") ``` ## stdout (executed) ```text plan : identical terms in both countries enrolment where joining is the action : 1500 per ten thousand enrolment where leaving is the action : 8500 per ten thousand actively joined (opt-in country) : 1500 per ten thousand actively left (opt-out country) : 1500 per ten thousand kept whatever they were given : 7000 per ten thousand share decided by the default : 7000 per ten thousand the two-country comparison plan : identical freedom : both populations can choose either way counts : real intent : do people want this plan terms that differ : 0 verdict : FIFTEEN PERCENT WANT IT THERE, EIGHTY-FIVE HERE holding the plan and the freedom to choose identical is the part done right here, and it is why the gap cannot be the plan the default what most people do with a form : leave it as found where joining takes an action : 1500 per ten thousand act where leaving takes an action : 1500 per ten thousand act the 7000 per ten thousand in between : enrolled or not by whoever designed the form so the recorded choice : is 7000 per ten thousand the form's the reading read as demand : 1500 or 8500 per ten thousand actual expressed preference either way : about 1500 to 1500 is either count wrong : no is enrolment a measure of wanting : no; it is a measure of wanting plus not touching the form null control - require an active choice gap between opt-in and opt-out designs : 7000 per ten thousand gap when an active choice is required : 0 enrolment now measures preference : 1 no plan and no person changed; the form stopped voting on behalf of the people who did not touch it what an enrolment count under a default guarantees that many people are enrolled : exactly, real counts that many people chose to be : not addressed; the same plan enrols 1500 or 8500 per ten thousand by the pre-ticked box alone, so 7000 per ten thousand of the figure is the form's choice a default is a choice made for everyone who makes none, and most make none; the count that looks like the public's wish is the designer's wish plus the few who overrode it, and the two designs measure the same public as opposite answers Same plan, same freedom, real counts - 1500 per ten thousand enrolled in one country and 8500 in the other. But only about 1500 to 1500 per ten thousand acted either way; the rest kept the box as they found it, so 7000 per ten thousand of the difference is the form's decision, until an active choice is required. ``` ## Round-trip `ok: true` — round-trip fixpoint reached (python1 == python2) ## Trace event types eml:run:start · eml:assign · eml:output · eml:run:done